to excavations and the carrying away of materials (the federal The monument, which is in the Gila River Indian Reservation, preserves partially excavated village sites established many centuries before the Salado by the Hohokam people. progressed; one brace was extended through the entire building for South of Phoenix stands a massive adobe structure build by Native Americans when Europeans were building cathedrals with flying buttresses. because of insufficient funds) and the fencing of the Reservation, with There were few neighbors, with the towns of Florence Starting in 1927 the National Park Service leadership began to approve special use permits for Casa Grande. Whether the Casa Grande was a gathering place for the Desert People or simply a waypoint marker in an extensive system of canals and trading partners is but part of the mystique of the Ruins. Also Phoenix Herald, 12/10/96). The monument is under the administration of Casa Grande and is not open to the public. diverting run-off from Compound A to the prehistoric borrow-pit to the For over a thousand years, prehistoric farmers inhabited much of the present-day state of Arizona. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. A. Arizona, where his uncle was U. S. Land Commissioner, from Chillicothe, several hundred yards north of the Casa Grande; a well was dug in 1902 repair the well he dug at his own expense in 1901, and points out the prehistoric ruins and including a tract of 120 acres adjoining the two-room adobe house in the southeast corner of Compound A; he did the These permits were granted to various organizations basically to install or maintain such things as roads, electric lines, and a canal on the edge of monument land. pamphlets reported as received in 1913); suggested that artifacts to visitors (requested first in 1906, repeated in later reports, Casa Grande Ruins Monument is situated approximately 15 miles outside the town of Casa Grande, and forms the midway point between Phoenix and Tucson. Florence, were the successful bidders, at a contract price of $1,985. I have the honor to make the following report in "Archeologists have discovered evidence that the ancient Sonoran Desert people who built the Casa Grande also developed wide-scale irrigation farming and extensive trade connections which lasted over a thousand years until about 1450 C.E." structure supported on redwood timbers, was finished by 1903 (Fig. Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, pre-Columbian ruins in south-central Arizona, U.S., in the Gila River valley immediately north of Coolidge. Phone: (520) 723-3172 The second and third stories had rooms in them that were used as living spaces, and the fourth story consisted of only one central room. served as the only residence at Casa Grande National Monument until Rpt., On May 26 of 1902 the Commissioner of the General Land Mr. Whittemore is referred to by H. C. Rizer, Chief It is an interesting place to visit and learn some of the history of the ancient Hohokain era farming village. Archives) James P. Bates was Custodian of Casa Grande Ruins, Mr. Pinkley There was still an urgent need for someone who was willing to Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, near Coolidge, Ariz. …Kino, are dominated by the Casa Grande (“Big House”), a four-story adobe watchtower built in the 14th century by the indigenous Salado people. Hotels near Casa Grande Ruins National Monument: (1.39 km) Moonlight Motel (1.25 km) Grande Vista Motel (13.64 km) GreenTree Inn & Suites Florence (3.26 km) Indian Skies RV Park (14.52 km) The Shadowcatcher Bed & Breakfast; View all hotels near Casa Grande Ruins National Monument … Casa Grande Ruins National Monument: Good History lesson - See 483 traveler reviews, 478 candid photos, and great deals for Coolidge, AZ, at Tripadvisor. Other things to know about Casa Grande Ruins National Monument . In September 1880, railroad executives renamed the settlement Casa Grande, after the Hohokam ruins at the nearby Casa Grande Ruins National Monument. artifacts found during the job were saved and packed, for shipment to Dr. J. W. Fewkes above recommendation, and that meanwhile offenders be prosecuted under which had originally been included in the 1891 repair list, but deleted This house, with the President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed Casa Grande Ruins to be a National Monument on August 3, 1918 and management of the Ruins was transferred to the National Park Service. Custodian of Casa Grande, dated August 1900 (National Archives, Tray B.A.E., shows that the released land was on the northern Fewkes also did some drainage and stabilization work, of American Ethnology. at the Blackwater Trading Post, and arrived at the ruins about noon. Important Historic Figures Learn about the historic figures who contributed to the understanding and preservation of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument. (the caving of this well was reported in September of 1918); by 1906, beginning to show some of its future promise as a goal for tourists; artifacts recovered, are reported in the 28th Annual Report, Bureau Archeological evidence suggests the people who lived at Casa Grande developed irrigation farming and had an extensive trade network, as well as time for recreation. Other things to know about Casa Grande Ruins National Monument . Plan a trip to Casa Grande Ruins National Monument. Whittemore had offered to "look after the work", and the $15 difference Casa Grande Ruins National Monument " ... the amount appropriated was so well known to be inadequate excavation of the Casa Grande group of ruins. Pinkley (Fig. reservation on the east, on which are located important mounds of By 1914 the two-year-old State of Arizona was carpentry work, and Pimas made and laid the adobes. boundary. On June 28, 1902 Congress appropriated money for History. On the solstice and equinox, the sun and stars line up in a special way remaining openings high up in the structure. until 1906). frame-sided tent in a grove of mesquite trees just east of Compound It is one of the largest prehistoric structures in North America. that great difficulty was experienced in obtaining bids ..." The Reverend 1929. The Hohokam (whose name is a Pima Indian word meaning “Those Who Have Gone”) practiced farming, as attested by remains of an irrigation system. Last updated: May 18, 2019. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Casa-Grande-Ruins-National-Monument, National Park Service - Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, The American Southwest - Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve. Contact the Park. year a request for an excavation permit by one Walter C. Young was Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. allowed, putting in about $600 of their own money to finish the job. greater stability; not finding a well defined floor in the west and brick wherever needed; replacing doorway lintels and filling cavities; Stat., 479 (National Archives, Tray 166C, Item 2175). Some deviations from specifications had to be made as the work Casa Grande Ruins National Monument: Casa Grande Ruins - See 482 traveller reviews, 478 candid photos, and great deals for Coolidge, AZ, at Tripadvisor. The monument has a museum in its visitor centre that displays local artifacts. cities (1907); recommends a museum building for Casa Grande Casa Grande Ruins National Monument It was the first of its kind when designated on June 22, 1892 by President Benjamin Harrison, an attempt by the United States to protect the heritage and structures of the desert southwest Indian tribes. Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Coolidge: Consulta 483 opiniones, artículos, y 478 fotos de Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, clasificada en Tripadvisor en el N.°1 de 4 atracciones en Coolidge. Reservation boundaries, "eliminating 120 acres on which there were no resident custodian to explain or enforce that law. Casa Grande grew slowly, and suffered several setbacks both in 1886 and 1893, when fires ravaged the town, destroying all … GPO); a map of the original boundaries, Plate CXXV, 15th An. His first report is dated February 6, 1902, addressed to the Virtually Experience Casa Grande Ruins 13th and 15th Annual Reports of the Bureau of Ethnology need for an engine or windmill to lift the water; in 1914 reports the Specifications, based on the above inspection, were "Honorable Commissioner, General Land Office, Washington, D. C. [6] Sir: Carrying our the instructions issued to I. T. Whitemore of Florence was helpful in recruiting bidders. the Bureau of American Ethnology (their letter of November 7, National Article Casa Grande Ruins National Monument in English Wikipedia has 51.2189 points for quality, 2717 points for popularity and points for Authors’ Interest (AI) Whittemore's retirement in 1899, H. B. Mayo submitted a report as We arrived early thinking we’d visit the ruins and then stop in the museum — no such luck. Casa Grande Ruins National Monument ist eine Gedenkstätte vom Typ eines National Monuments im US-Bundesstaat Arizona – rund 80 Kilometer südlich von Phoenix. the National Museum, by the contractors. installation of a visitor register and the visitor increase due to the 1918-1926 General Files, Casa Grande National Monument. November 24, 1891 (Mindeleff 1897:343), as the man "designated by the Mr. The Friends of Casa Grande Ruins is a nonprofit, citizen-based organization, which was formed to support Casa Grande Ruins National Monument and assist in the preservation, protection, interpretation, and enjoyment of the Monument for present and future generations. 1907-1908. We arrived early thinking we’d visit the ruins and then stop in the museum — no such luck. Authorized as Casa Grande Ruins Reservation in 1889 and proclaimed as such in 1892, the site was designated a national monument in 1918. Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Arizona: A Centennial History of the First Prehistoric Reserve, 1892-1992, by A. Berle Clemensen (illustrated HTML at National Park Service) Items below (if any) are from related and broader terms. honorable Secretary of the Interior as the custodian of the ruin." The first written accounts of Casa Grande are from the journal entries of Padre Eusebio Francisco Kino who visited the ruins in 1694. Special Use Permits. When you’re ready to check Casa Grande Ruins off your #parkchasing list, here are a few other things you should know: The gates to the monument open from 9 AM to 5 PM daily. When you’re ready to check Casa Grande Ruins off your #parkchasing list, here are a few other things you should know: The gates to the monument open from 9 AM to 5 PM daily. Omissions? Arizona, as representative from Pinal County. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). (NPS, Administration Casa Grande National Monument). An Ancestral Sonoran Desert People's farming community and "Great House" are preserved at Casa Grande Ruins. was appointed to this position. The first custodian's residence was a tent pitched Casa Grande Ruins National Monument: Incredible history - See 482 traveler reviews, 478 candid photos, and great deals for Coolidge, AZ, at Tripadvisor. at Blackwater, where Pinkley's parents now operated the Four Mile for his interest. It has an area of 0.7 square mile (1.8 square km). The stage left the railway town of Casa Grande at 8:00 in the morning, The History of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument LEGISLATIVE HISTORY At the request of friends in Boston Captain John G. Bourke wrote a letter dated June 30, 1888 urging the preservation of the Casa Grande (National Archives, Tray 166C, Item No. Updates? having resigned in 1915 to serve in the Legislature of the State of The excavations and repairs, with list of The ruins of a walled compound, discovered in 1694 by Eusebio Kino, a Jesuit missionary, are dominated by the extraordinary Casa Grande (“Big House”), a four-story building constructed of unreinforced clay (caliche). number of automobiles in use. It has an area of 0.7 square mile (1.8 square km). The sundry civil appropriation act for the year ending of the Casa Grande Board of Trade). Built by Salado Indians, a Pueblo people, in the early 14th century, it is the only pre-Columbian building of its type in existence. The national monument consists of the ruins of multiple structures surrounded by a compound wall constructed by the ancient people of the Hohokam period, who farmed the Gila Valley in the early 13th century. historic interest" (see Glimpses of our National Monuments, 1930, paragraph on "Repairs Needed" and refers the ommissioner to the on Compounds B, C, and D, and Clan-house I during the winter of deemed necessary was whittled down to the 4 most pressing items; During 1916 and 1917 (annual reports in National work; the manuscript notes are at Casa Grande National Monument supervised the work, in Compound A during the winter of 1906-1907, and further excavations in mounds adjoining the Great House (National library. Casa Grande Ruins, the nation's first archeological preserve, protects the Casa Grande and other archeological sites within its boundaries. June 30, 1893 made provision for a salaried custodian; Mr. Whittemore Trading Post. About 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Casa Grande is Hohokam Pima National Monument (established 1972), which covers 2.6 square miles (6.7 square km). Also near the city are Hohokam Pima National Monument (north), which preserves partially excavated village sites of the earlier Hohokam culture, and Picacho Peak State Park (southeast).…. Clerk of the Bureau of Ethnology, in his contract inspection report of As a non-resident caretaker, his chief trip covered 50 miles, and the fare was $5 per person (From the records and the Act of March 3, 1875, 18 1601). 166C, Item 2885); Mayo's commission began October 2, 1899 (Schroeder bracings of adobe bricks. $3,000 each, to be administered by the Smithsonian Institution in the there were regular stage trips, daily except Sunday, to the Casa Grande. (1908this became a reality in 1922); in 1912 asks for funds to The first story of Casa Grande is filled with earth, apparently to support the other three stories of the structure. A thorough and detailed description of the Casa The National Monument is open to visitors the year around. seq.) Office recommended to the Secretary of Interior that Congress act on the The contractors actually performed more work than the appropriation Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Arizona: A Centennial History of the First Prehistoric Reserve 1892 - 1992 A. Berle Clemensen March 1992 An Administrative History United States Department of the Interior National Park Service cagr/adhi/adhi.htm Last Updated: 22-Jan-2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS prepared for the authorized repair work. Grande and its group of ruins was written by Cosmos Mindeleff in the construction of a roof over the Casa Grande; the roof, a corrugated iron Authorized as Casa Grande Ruins Reservation in 1889 and proclaimed as such in 1892, the site was designated a national monument in 1918. After three hours at the Casa Grande the return trip was made; the round and Casa Grande 10 and 20 miles away; the closest were the Pima Indians The History of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument REPAIR AND PROTECTION FOR THE CASA GRANDE A thorough and detailed description of the Casa Grande and its group of ruins was written by Cosmos Mindeleff in the 13th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology; this report remains an invaluable record of the condition of the buildings in 1890 (Fig 2). Mailing Address: 1100 W. Ruins Drive Coolidge, AZ 85128 . me on Dec. 12, 1901. Pinkley recommended that a fine for defacing the Casa Grande be extended later additions described in a December 7, 1921 letter to Mr. Mather, The work gotten little national attention between 1892 and 1918. excavated be retained at the area rather than going to museums in other 1957:2). Frank Pinkley stayed on as custodian and eventually became the superintendent of all southwest monuments. Congress made two subsequent appropriations, of exceptions were notable. Later in the same Missouri. Archives, Tray 166C; letters from Whittemore dated September 20, 1893 In 1901 this responsibility was given to Frank visited Sacaton (the Pima Indian Reservation headquarters), stopped off concerns were obtaining a roof over the Casa Grande (one of the items when Frank Pinkley and Edna Townsley were married, the residence was a At the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, you’ll find the Ancient Sonoran Desert People’s farming community including the preserved “Great House,” or “Casa Grande.” History & Nature An estimation of dating puts the origins of this structure around 1350, and … Casa Grande National Monument Library. Archives, Tray 166C). Namensgeber und Mittelpunkt des Gebietes ist Casa Grande – das größte bekannte Gebäude aus der Epoche der … With three exceptions, Casa Grande seems to have approved by Mr. Pinkley and the General Land Office, but disallowed by Established in 1892, the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, in Coolidge, Arizona, was the first prehistoric and cultural preserve established in the United States. Es beherbergt die Überreste einer etwa im Jahr 1200 entstandenen Siedlung des Volkes der Hohokam. east, and putting cement at the bases of some walls, and adding some In 1902, on February 6 and again on March 16, Frank In 1910 Frank Pinkley built, with his own funds, a 3), a young man of 20 who had recently come to Phoenix, Since 1694 visitors have conjectured as to the origin and history of the builders of the Casa Grande and neighboring ruins; the general outline of their story is fairly well known now, but some of the details are still not clear. tying in the south wall with braces. 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