elysium planitia elevation

Close view of layers from previous image, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Some dark slope streaks are visible. Optimal (minimum ener-gy) launch opportunities from Earth to Mars occur every 26 months, just before opposition, when the dis- Elysium Planitia was selected not for its surface features, but for safety considerations. Sixteen ellipses were initially defined in this region based on THEMIS images that revealed smooth and flat terrains combined with ther-mal differencing rock abundance estimates of <10%. Colour-coded elevation, blended with MOC images. The NASA Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Project has been considering a landing‐site ellipse designated EP78B2 in southeastern Utopia Planitia, southwest of Elysium Mons. In March 2017, scientists from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory announced that the landing site had been selected. The planitia also has river valleys—one of which, Athabasca Valles may be one of the youngest on Mars. Scientists expected a flat surface, no hills nearby and few large rocks in view. Close view of layers in a mound, from previous image, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Close view of layers in a mound, from a previous image, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Lava field on Elysium Planitia resembling an elephant, Lava flow and dark slope streaks, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, This article is about the plain on Mars. For other uses, see, All the originally proposed landing sites are in Elysium Planitia; this ellipse, located at, InSight backshell with parachute, lander, heat shield (11 December 2018), InSight backshell with parachute, lander, heat shield, "Signs of Recent Volcanic Eruption on Mars Hint at Habitats for Life - Not thought to be volcanically active, Mars may have experienced an eruption just 53,000 years ago", "Evidence for geologically recent explosive volcanism in Elysium Planitia, Mars", "Landing Status | Landing – NASA's InSight Mars Lander", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elysium_Planitia&oldid=991674374, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 December 2020, at 07:11. The relief of Hecates is about 6,000 m and the relief of Albor is only about 4,000 m, because Hecates is on the edge of the rise whereas Albor is on it. Mound showing layers at the base, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. The locations of other Mars landers and rovers are labeled. Wide view of layered buttes and small mesas, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Some dark slope streaks are visible. Close view of cones, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program These cones probably formed when hot lava flowed over ice-rich ground. Mesas and eroded parts of mesas showing layers and dark slope streaks, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Location is east of Gale Crater in the Aeolis quadrangle. InSight is a stationary science platform that landed on Mars on Nov. 26, 2018. Gale crater, where the Curiosity Mars rover landed in 2012 is in the lower left, and InSight landed north of Gale in 2018. A slope too steep could foil the robotic arm's access to a sufficiently large work area. The landing site lies in the western portion of Elysium Planitia, centered at about 4.5 degrees north latitude and 135.9 degrees east longitude. Close view of mound with layers, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Note: this is an enlargement from the previous image. The site's elevation must be low enough to have sufficient atmosphere above the site for a safe landing, because the spacecraft relies on the atmosphere for deceleration during descent. Planitia is Latin for a flat surface, geometric plane or flatness or a plain. For mission success, InSight’s heat flow probe must be able to penetrate the ground in the lander's workspace. MOLA uses an IR laser 10 Hz pulse giving a ∼168 m diameter footprint (e.g. InSight landed at 11:52:59 a.m. PT (2:52:59 p.m. Elysium Mons, whose summit elevation is 16,000 m above the Martian datum, is at the crest of a regional topographic rise that emerges steeply and abruptly from the surrounding plains. Elysium Planitia, a flat-smooth plain just north of the equator makes for the perfect location from which to study the deep Martian interior. Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport, or InSight, is designed to study the deep interior of Mars. Figure 4b,c. Location is east of Gale Crater in the Aeolis quadrangle. The highest elevation of −12 m is an unnamed peak in the Hellespontus Montes on top of the western rim of Hellas Planitia. One requirement was that the landing site must be close enough to the equator. During the descent sequence two additional items were jettisoned, the backshell with parachute, and heat shield, and they impacted in the vicinity of the lander. Mars Regional Names - ... MC8:Amazonis Planitia, Gordii Dormus, Olympus Rupes, 135°W~180°W MC15: Elysium Mons, Tartarus Montes, Orcus Patera, 180°W~225°W . Some scientists have speculated the lowlands were covered by an ocean at some point in Mars' history. The altitude difference between the rim and the bottom is over 9,000 m (30,000 ft). [1] It lies to the south of the volcanic province of Elysium, the second largest volcanic region on the planet, after Tharsis. Image is located in eastern Avernus Colles. Main articles: Classical albedo features on Mars and Planetary nomenclature § Mars The Elysium quadrangle … In this labeled elevation map (color corresponds to elevation in this view of Elysium Planitia), the location of Orcus Patera can be identified in upper right. *Viking Orbiter Image coverage: Excellent coverage by 15-25 m/pixel images (orbit 725). The probe will study the internal structure of Mars and by so doing improve understanding of the planet's evolution. Its landing site, Elysium Planitia, was picked from 22 candidates, and is centered at about 4.5 degrees north latitude and 135.9 degrees east longitude; about 373 miles (600 kilometers) from Curiosity’s landing site, Gale Crater. Colour-Coded Contour Map of Mars. That was based on high-resolution images taken from orbit as part of thorough evaluations for selecting the site. [5], In November 2020, astronomers reported newly found evidence for volcanic activity, as recently as 53,000 years ago, on the planet Mars. Close view of cap rock breaking up into boulders, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Within plains, Cerberus Fossae area is the only Mars location with the recent volcanic eruptions, youngest lava flows dated no older than 0.2 million years from present. Planitia is Latin for a flat surface, geometric plane or flatness or a plain. Elysium Planitia je planina na povrchu Marsu, která se rozkládá na severní polokouli (kousek od rovníku) okolo Å¡títové sopky Elysium Mons.Podobně jako v případě oblasti Tempe Terra, či Tharsis, tak i v Elysium Planitia se nachází mnoho malých sopek, které tvoří výraznou vulkanickou oblast na Marsu.Jedná se tak o druhou nejvýznamnějÅ¡í sopečnou oblast na povrchu Marsu. That said, Elysium Planitia—the site chosen for the Nov. 26 landing of NASA's InSight mission to Mars—will more than likely never be mentioned with those above because it is, well, plain. Elevation: In January 2016, the project began ex-ploring later launch options. All the originally proposed landing sites are in Elysium Planitia; this ellipse, located at 4°30′N136°00′E / 4.5°N 136°E / 4.5; 136, represents the site finally sel. Secondary Landing Site: Southern Elysium Planitia (Proposed by T. J. Parker) Vital Statistics: (1) Latitude, Longitude: 1.5-3.5 S, 195-198 W. (2) Elevation (Viking): -1.0 km. This ellipse is centered at 11.73N, 123.72E (planetocentric coordinates), is 155 km long and 16 km wide, has its major axis oriented N86W, and covers ~1640 km 2 . The surface of the area is broken into 'plates' like broken ice floating on a lake (see below). Thus, in the selection of a landing site, what's on the surface mattered less on this mission than for previous rover missions focused on the geology. Elysium is from the ancient Greek name for an afterlife paradise, usually referred to in English as the Elysian Fields. Elysium Planitia and Phlegra Montes. [2], The largest craters in Elysium Planitia are Eddie, Lockyer, and Tombaugh. (B) Perspective view of the southern margin of Utopia Planitia looking west from the flank of Elysium Mons showing topographic terraces parallel to Contact 2; MOLA DEM with Viking Orbiter mosaic superposed and the basin flooded to just below the -4350 contour, the elevation where the Utopia and North Polar basins become interconnected. It is the first mission to study the interior of a planet beyond Earth. It also depended on landing in an area where rocks are few in number. The InSight instrument deck and Elysium Planitia as seen from the spacecraft's robotic-arm mounted camera. [6][7], Elysium quadrangle MOLA map, with Elysium Planitia at bottom, Aeolis quadrangle MOLA map, with Elysium Planitia at top. The Elysium quadrangle is also referred to as MC-15. Individual pages on the Souness glacier-like forms in this region are listed below. [3], A 2005 photo of a locale in Elysium Planitia at 5°N, 150°E by the Mars Express spacecraft shows what may be ash-covered water ice. These icy plates moved to the left, and obstacles (crater rims) turned them into piles of pieces. Elysium is from the ancient Greek name for an afterlife paradise, usually referred to in English as the Elysian Fields. It is in the Elysium Planitia region of Mars. The NASA Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Project is considering a landing-site ellipse designated EP78B2 in southeastern Utopia Planitia, southwest of Elysium Mons. InSight's scientific success and safe landing depended on landing in a relatively flat area. Az Elysium Planitia a Mars bolygó egyik sík területe, ami az Elysium és az Aeolis négyszögekben található. The boulders are the size of houses. The Elysium Planitia volcanic region is not in the northern lowlands, its 2 degrees north (so very close to the equator). NASA's InSight mission landed in Elysium Planitia on November 26, 2018. In the image shown here, Elysium Planitia is located roughly between the dark features at the bottom right (which includes Gale Crater), and the brighter arc-shaped feature above, to the right of the centre of the image, which is the location of volcano Elysium Mons. controlled by elevation and latitude. Secondary Landing Site: Southern Elysium Planitia (Proposed by T. J. Parker) Vital Statistics: (1) Latitude, Longitude: 1.5-3.5 S, 195-198 W. (2) Elevation (Viking): -1.0 km. Close view of fractured ground, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Box shows size of football field. 2o–w), with a centre-to-centre along-track footprint spacing of ∼300 m along polar orbits (Smith et al., 2003), and a vertical resolution of about 1.5 m, in the relatively smooth area of the Elysium Planitia. Such activity could have provided the environment, in terms of energy and chemicals, needed to support life forms. All four semifinalist sites, as well as the rest of the 22 candidate sites studied, are in Elysium Planitia. The probe was designed to burrow into soil (not rock) to a depth 10 to 16 feet (three to five meters). Hellas Planitia is thought to have been formed during the Late Heavy Bombardment period of the Solar System, approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago, when a protoplanet or large asteroid hit the surface. Elysium is from the ancient Greek name for an afterlife paradise, usually referred to in English as the Elysian Fields. Layered mesas, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Dark slope streaks are also visible. *Elevation (Viking): -1.0 km. Box shows size of football field. Impact crater counts show that the plates are up to 1 million years older than the gap material, showing that the area solidified much too slowly for the material to be basaltic lava. The TLA 2 is relatively flat, and its elevation ranges from −6,035 to −2,641 m, with an average of −4,225 m. This has limited the suitable landing area for InSight to only western Elysium Planitia [1]. The Elysium quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey Astrogeology Research Program. Középpontja Az Elysium vulkanikus tartományától délre fekszik, ami a bolygó második legnagyobb vulkáni régiója, a Tharsis után. The landing site lies in the western portion of Elysium Planitia, centered at about 4.5 degrees north latitude and 135.9 degrees east longitude. ET) on Nov. 26, 2018 near Mars' equator on the western side of a flat, smooth plain called Elysium Planitia. This ensures that the lander's solar array can provide adequate power at all times of the year and the lander can stay warm: between 5 degrees north latitude and 3 degrees north latitude. All 22 of those sites are in Elysium, which is one of only three areas on Mars that meet two of InSight's needs. It is located in western Elysium Planitia at 4°30′N 135°54′E / 4.5°N 135.9°E / 4.5; 135.9 (InSight landing site). HiRISE took about 150 images of candidate InSight landing sites, covering nearly all of the ground of the final site. Close, color view of fractured ground, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Landing Site Constraints • Latitude: 15 S to 5 N: Sufficient Solar Power Margins –5°N to 2°S Elysium Planitia; Later 3°N-5°N • Elevation: <−2.5 km MOLA: Sufficient Atmosphere for EDL • Ellipse Size: 139 km 27 km [99.5% ellipse]; 130 x 27 km Reference Ellipse • Thermal Inertia: >100−140 J m-2 K-1 s-1/2 –Avoid surfaces with thick dust that is not loading bearing Yardangs showing layers, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. InSight's purpose is to study the interior of Mars, not the surface. Layered mesa and mounds with dark slope streaks, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. ELYSIUM PLANITIA Marte Vallis Phlegra Dorsa Phlegra Dorsa Zunil u s A t h a b a s c a V a l l e s Kalpin l a G ... Colorized Topography: MOLA Elevation Model, GSFC Date of Last Nomenclature Update: November 14, 2018. Also, the elevation must be low enough to have sufficient atmosphere above the site for a safe landing. Mounds with layers, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Very close view of individual blocks breaking off layer in a butte, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Blocks have angular shapes. The landing ellipse was about 81 miles (130 kilometers) long, generally west to east, and about 17 miles (27 kilometers) wide, covering the area within which the spacecraft had about a 99 percent chance of landing when targeted for the center of the ellipse. The High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter plays an important role in evaluating candidate landing sites on Mars. A large enough rock at the landing site could block one of the solar arrays from opening. Layers in old crater rim, in Marte Vallis as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Close view of layered small mesa with dark slope streak, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program Box shows the size of a football field. … Layered mesas, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. 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